This is one of many types of bespoke Globe lantern by William SUGG Lighting. They feature eight panels per hemisphere, but I cant find any information on these lanterns online - so how exactly these hemispheres fit together is unknown. They appear to be made for pillars rather than column-mounts, and it's possible they were made specifically for this location.

London

The location in question is Charing Cross Tube Station. The humongous size of these is apparent in the image below.

As you can see, they are plentiful in this location - there appears to be small post-top lanterns styled after these to the right.

Identification came in the form of a SUGG logo on the underside of most of the globes. It appears this panel would open up to service whatever light source exists inside.